Gamification is the integration of

game-like elements, such as points,

rewards, leaderboards and

competition, into non-game

activities. 

Primarily pursuing legislative change as a means of achieving workers' rights entails lobbying the government to implement minimum wage and maximum work hour laws. Directly negotiating with companies entails convincing them to increase wages and reduce working hours

Familial care labour or domestic caregiving entails work like household chores, household planning and coordination which have historically been the responsibility of women

Rare earth minerals have diverse uses. Lithium and cobalt, for instance, can be used in making batteries, as in smartphones or electric vehicles (EVs)

Psychological obtusity refers to one’s inability to be impacted by the posited harms of hurting the environment as our psychological makeup does not allow us to consider it serious. Whereas economic greed would for this motion refers to people’s ability to comprehend the seriousness of the problem psychologically and perpetuate harm regardless due to their material greed

Deep ocean expeditions refer to

organized scientific or

exploratory missions conducted

in the deep ocean, typically in

areas where depths can reach

thousands of meters

In modern-day feminism, the prevailing narrative around the ideal female protester is the one who enters the streets and fights for her rights. Johanna Hedva's Sick Woman Theory disagrees with this belief. This belief is that most modes of political protest are internalized, lived, embodied, suffering, and therefore invisible. These actions revolve around the idea that "the most anti-capitalist protest is to care for another and to care for yourself... To protect each other... [and practise] a politics of care. 

Commercial Feminism refers to the popularisation of feminist ideas and icons, through marketing, buying and selling of products. These products could range from anything like stationary and cosmetics, to clothing and apparels

Supranationalism is the existence of authority which is higher than that of the nation-state. After nation-states have consented to become a part of the supranational body, it has the capability of imposing its will on its constituent nation states, for example, one way is through laws that, if passed through the supranational legislature, are binding on the constituent nation-states. Under this, sovereignty and decision-making authority is transferred from the constituent bodies to the international or regional organisation. Inter governmentalism refers to the interaction amongst nation-states which takes place on the basis of sovereign independence.In such bodies, state sovereignty is preserved through the process of unanimous decision making where each entity has a veto.

Opioids are a diverse class of moderate to strong painkillers, including oxycodone, hydrocodone (Vicodin) and fentanyl synthesized to resemble other opiates such as opium-derived morphine and heroin. From 1999 to 2021 it is estimated 645,000 Americans have died from opioid use. The number of overdose deaths involving opioids in 2021 was ten times what it was in 1999. “The Opioid Crisis" was theorized to have been caused by the over-prescription of opioids in the 1990s

Collective Security refers to the concept that underlines that concerns of security move away from self help (nations engaging in their own security strategy) to collective concern. This is based on the principle of "All for one and one for all", under which whenever any state tries to gain preponderance on other states, all other states will come together to balance it so as to prevent it from establishing a hegemony. On the other hand, Collective Defence is a regional concept under which military alliance is preferred: the enemy is already identified and membership is narrow. It is based on a disbelief and distrust in collective security as a reliable strategy for self-defence.  

The phenomenon of stand-out hooks in songs has been termed “TikTokification, ” and describes how the hook of a song trend via short-form video content. If people like 30 seconds of a song overlaid on a funny or well-made video, they are likely to stream the entire song, expecting it to be as good. However, this reduces the quality requirements of the rest of the song, as profits are made by the marketing of the hook in and of itself

Substantial economic harms: e.g. restricting access to important trade routes on straits, aggressively increasing the price of vital commodities, limiting access to strategic resources

The phenomenon of stand-out hooks in songs has

been termed “TikTok-ification,

” and describes how

the hook of a song trend via short-form video

content. If people like 30 seconds of a song

overlaid on a funny or well-made video, they are

likely to stream the entire song, expecting it to be

as good. However, this reduces the quality

requirements of the rest of the song, as profits are

made by the marketing of the hook in and of itself.